| 摘要: |
| ［摘要］ 呼吸道感染性疾病是全球成人和儿童发病和死亡的重要原因，其病原体的诊断非常重要，并且是难点问题。现行的临床病原学检测的方法中，传统方法包括涂片染色镜检法、抗原检测法、培养法等。对于阳性的培养物还可以用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱（MALDI-TOF MS）进行菌种鉴定。最近几年发展较快的是分子生物学检测方法，包括普通聚合酶链反应（PCR）、多重PCR、实时定量PCR等和宏基因组测序（mNGS）技术。快速分子生物学检测技术，有望成为帮助指导靶向治疗和抗生素合理应用的有效工具。 |
| 关键词: 呼吸道感染 抗原检测 血清学检测 聚合酶链反应 基因组测序 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-3806.2021.01.02 |
| 分类号:R 51 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划课题（编号：2018YFC1200100，2018YFC1200102） |
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| Challenges and solution strategies for diagnosis of microbial pathogens of respiratory tract infections |
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HU Yan-ning, LU Bing-huai
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Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100871, China
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| Abstract: |
| ［Abstract］ Respiratory tract infections are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in adults and children worldwide. The diagnosis of microbial pathogens of respiratory tract infections is very important and challenging. Among the current clinical pathogen detection methods, the traditional methods include smear staining and microscopic examination, antigen detection, culture, etc. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF MS) can also be used for species identification of positive cultures. In recent years,molecular biological detection methods have developed rapidly, including common polymerase chain reaction(PCR), multiplex PCR, real-time quantitative PCR, and metagenomics next generation sequencing(mNGS) technology. Rapid and point-of-care testing(POCT) molecular methods are expected to be effective tools to help guide targeted therapy and appropriate use of antibiotics. |
| Key words: Respiratory tract infection Antigen identification Serological identification Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) Metagenomic sequencing |
