| 摘要: |
| ［Abstract］ Immunotherapy has joined surgery, radiation, and traditional chemotherapy to become the fourth pillar in cancer treatment. The concept of using one′s own immune system to treat cancer has inspired numerous therapies. The class of immunotherapies that has proven most effective is the checkpoint inhibitors(CPIs), which work by blocking immunosuppressive mechanisms. Prime examples of CPIs in clinical use are based on Nobel Prize winning discovery of PD-1/L1 and CTLA-4. The clinical responses to immunotherapies vary, and this is in part due to differences in the tumor microenvironment. Tumors that are poorly infiltrated by lymphocytes are immunologically inert and are referred to as “cold tumors” and tend to respond poorly to CPIs. We review current immunotherapies and examples of efforts to increase lymphocyte infiltration in cold tumors to improve outcomes of CPIs. |
| 关键词: Cancer immunology Immunotherapy Tumor infiltrating lymphocyte |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-3806.2021.09.04 |
| 分类号:R 733 |
| 基金项目: |
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| 冷肿瘤的免疫治疗 |
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SU Sheng-chen, Hyung Lae Kim
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90048 美国，加利福尼亚州，洛杉矶，西达赛奈医学中心外科
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| Abstract: |
| ［摘要］ 免疫治疗是继手术、放疗、传统化疗后的第四大肿瘤治疗手段。基于患者自身的免疫系统治疗癌症的理念已经开发了许多的治疗方法。研究证明最有效的免疫治疗是免疫检查点抑制剂(CPIs)，它们通过阻断免疫抑制机制发挥作用。CPIs临床应用最好的例证是基于PD-1/L1和CTLA-4的发现，后者获得了诺贝尔奖。由于肿瘤微环境的异质性，临床发现免疫治疗的疗效可能各不相同。淋巴细胞浸润较差的肿瘤是免疫惰性的，被称为“冷肿瘤”。这种肿瘤对CPIs的应答较差。该文回顾了目前的免疫治疗方法及通过增加冷肿瘤淋巴细胞浸润的研究来提高CPIs疗效。 |
| Key words: 癌症免疫 免疫疗法 肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞 |
