| 摘要: |
| ［摘要］ 儿童张口呼吸、打鼾的现象越来越引起家长的关注，同时，越来越多的正畸医师也逐渐深入认识到睡眠打鼾、口呼吸与儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）的关系。上气道狭窄或阻塞是引起儿童口呼吸的主要原因，而好发于儿童的腺样体或扁桃体肥大往往是导致上气道狭窄或阻塞的“元凶”，严重时可引起儿童睡眠及呼吸障碍。此外，由于腺样体肥大而长期张口呼吸还可能造成颌面部发育异常，形成人们常说的“腺样体面容”。因而儿童阻塞性口呼吸的早期诊断与干预对于其颅颌面的生长发育至关重要。该文对儿童阻塞性口呼吸的多种诊断方法进行综述，以更好地辅助医师进行相应的序列治疗。 |
| 关键词: 口呼吸 儿童 腺样体肥大 扁桃体肥大 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-3806.2018.11.01 |
| 分类号:R 783.9 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Diagnosis of obstructive mouth breathing in children |
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DU Chang-xin, ZHU Min, YU Qian, et al.
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Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People′s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
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| Abstract: |
| ［Abstract］ Children′s mouth breathing and snoring have increasingly attracted the attention from their parents. At the same time, more and more doctors, particularly orthodontists, have gradually realized the relationship between sleep snoring, mouth breathing and pediatric obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS). The main reason for children′s mouth breathing is the obstruction of the upper airway caused by adenoidal hypertrophy or tonsil hypertrophy, which occurs quite often among the children. Not only it may induce sleep and breathing disturbances in severe cases, but also it will lead to dentofacial growth anomaly, defined as so-called “adenoid facies” in the children who suffer from the adenoidal hypertrophy, keeping mouth breathing as a habit for a long period. Therefore, early diagnosis and intervention of obstructive mouth breathing are of vital importance for the children′s normal craniofacial development. This article introduces various diagnostic methods for children′s obstructive mouth breathing in detail, and help doctors perform the suitable sequent treatments for the children. |
| Key words: Mouth breathing Children Adenoidal hypertrophy Tonsil hypertrophy Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) |
