| 摘要: |
| ［摘要］ 目的 分析2013—2022年天津市南开区疾病预防控制中心艾滋病自愿咨询检测（VCT）门诊求询者的基本特征及人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和梅毒感染状况，为制定有效的艾滋病性病防治措施提供科学依据。方法 对2013—2022年天津市南开区疾病预防控制中心VCT门诊接受VCT者的一般资料和HIV抗体、梅毒抗体检测结果进行分析。结果 2013—2022年天津市南开区疾病预防控制中心VCT门诊共接待3 853名咨询检测者，其中男性3 333人（86.50%），20～29岁年龄者2 266人（58.81%），未婚2 644人（68.62%），大专及以上文化程度2 949人（76.54%），主要求询原因为非商业非固定异性性行为史1 814人（47.08%）。HIV抗体阳性率为3.45%（133例），梅毒感染率为1.40%（54例）。多因素logistic回归分析显示，男性、年龄≥50岁、高中或中专及以下文化程度、非商业非固定异性性行为史以及梅毒感染是HIV感染的独立危险因素（P<0.05），年龄≥50岁、HIV感染是梅毒感染的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。2013—2022年HIV感染率和梅毒感染率均呈波动性变化，其中HIV感染率2013—2019年呈上升趋势，2019—2022年显著下降（APC=-61.49%，P=0.000 4）；梅毒感染率2013—2020年显著上升（APC=68.82%，P=0.037），2020—2022年显著下降（APC=-94.26%，P=0.022）。结论 2013—2022年天津市南开区疾病预防控制中心VCT门诊数据显示，HIV感染率和梅毒感染率介于全国平均水平与高发地区之间。青年、老年及低学历群体感染风险较高，需加强精准干预。建议优化检测策略，强化宣传教育，关注特殊群体需求，构建综合防治体系，以降低感染风险，保障公众健康。 |
| 关键词: 自愿咨询检测 人类免疫缺陷病毒 梅毒 感染状况 天津 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-3806.2025.04.06 |
| 分类号:R 512.91；R 759.1 |
| 基金项目:天津市卫生健康科技项目（编号：TJWJ2023QN092） |
|
| Analysis on characteristics of inquirers and HIV and syphilis infection status in AIDS voluntary counseling and testing clinics in Tianjin Nankai District from 2013 to 2022 |
|
ZHENG Yajing1, GONG Hui2, HOU Ying1, ZHU Peiyu1, ZHANG Ting1, DONG Xiaoyue2
|
|
1.Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Tianjin Nankai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300119, China; 2.Institute of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Control and Prevention, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300121, China
|
| Abstract: |
| ［Abstract］ Objective To analyze the basic characteristics of inquirers and human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) and syphilis infection status in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) voluntary counseling and testing(VCT) clinics in Tianjin Nankai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2013 to 2022, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating effective prevention and treatment measures for AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases(STD). Methods The general data and the test results of HIV antibody and syphilis antibody of the population receiving VCT in the AIDS VCT clinics in Tianjin Nankai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2013 to 2022 were analyzed. Results From 2013 to 2022, the VCT clinics of Tianjin Nankai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention received a total of 3 853 counseling and testing individuals, including 3 333 males(86.50%), 2 266 individuals aged 20-29 years(58.81%), 2 644 unmarried individuals(68.62%), and 2 949 individuals(76.54%) with junior college diploma or above. The main reason for the inquiries was the history of non-commercial and non-fixed heterosexual sexual behavior in 1 814 individuals(47.08%). The positive rate of HIV antibody was 3.45%(133 cases), and the infection rate of syphilis was 1.40%(54 cases). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male gender, age ≥50 years, high school education or secondary technical school education or below, history of non-commercial and non-fixed heterosexual sexual behavior, and syphilis infection were independent risk factors for HIV infection(P<0.05), and age ≥50 years and HIV infection were independent risk factors for syphilis infection(P<0.05). From 2013 to 2022, the infection rates of both HIV and syphilis showed fluctuating changes. Among them, the infection rate of HIV showed an upward trend from 2013 to 2019 and decreased significantly from 2019 to 2022［annual percent change(APC)=-61.49%, P=0.000 4］, and the infection rate of syphilis increased significantly from 2013 to 2020(APC=68.82%, P=0.037), and decreased significantly from 2020 to 2022(APC=-94.26%, P=0.022). Conclusion The VCT clinic data from Tianjin Nankai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2013 to 2022 show that the infection rates of HIV and syphilis are between the average levels in China and those in the high-incidence areas. The infection risk is relatively high among young people, the elderly and those with low educational attainment, and precise intervention needs to be strengthened. It is recommended to optimize testing strategies, strengthen publicity and education, pay attention to the needs of special groups, and establish a comprehensive prevention and treatment system in order to reduce infection risks and safeguard public health. |
| Key words: Voluntary counseling and testing(VCT) Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) Syphilis Infection status Tianjin |
