| 摘要: |
| ［摘要］ 脑类器官、微电极阵列（MEA）、器官芯片和人工智能（AI）的融合，使体外神经组织从静态培养模型逐渐发展为可记录、可刺激和可反馈的实验系统。片上脑机接口（BoCI）是指以二维神经元网络、脑切片或三维脑类器官为生物单元，以MEA、光遗传刺激、微流控和算法模型为接口，构建体外神经元网络与外部任务之间双向交互的技术平台。该文面向临床医学读者，概述BoCI的概念边界、生物学基础、芯片接口、AI辅助模型、应用场景以及伦理治理。目前BoCI更适合作为神经元网络功能读出、疾病机制验证和药物筛选的前临床工具，而不宜被直接等同于意识模型或临床决策系统。未来发展需要在标准化培养、低损伤接口、可信AI和患者数据治理等方面同步推进。 |
| 关键词: 片上脑机接口 脑类器官 微电极阵列 人工智能 虚拟类器官 数字孪生 伦理治理 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-3806.2026.07.01 |
| 分类号:R 318.04 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Brain-on-a-chip interface: frontiers in AI-assisted brain organoid chips |
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Wang Yifan1, Ma Lingfei1, Jiang Nan2, Gou Shuangquan1, Liu Shan3, Jiang Cheng1, Li Chenzhong1
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1.Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China; 2.Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; 3.Medical Genetics Center(Prenatal Diagnosis Center), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People′s Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
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| Abstract: |
| ［Abstract］ The integration of brain organoids, microelectrode array, organ-on-a-chip and artificial intelligence(AI) has gradually transformed in vitro neural tissues from static culture models into experimental systems capable of recording, stimulating and providing feedback. Brain-on-a-chip interface(BoCI) refers to a technical platform that takes two-dimensional neuronal networks, brain slices or three-dimensional brain organoids as biological units and microelectrode arrays, optogenetic stimulation, microfluidics and algorithmic models as interfaces to establish bidirectional interactions between in vitro neuronal networks and external tasks. This paper is intended for clinical medical readers and provides an overview of the conceptual boundaries, biological basis, chip interfaces, AI-assisted models, application scenarios, and ethical governance of BoCI. At present, BoCI is more suitable as a preclinical tool for function readout of neuronal networks, validation of disease mechanisms and drug screening, rather than being directly equated with models of consciousness or clinical decision-making systems. The future development of BoCI requires simultaneous advancement in standardized culture, low-damage interfaces, trustworthy AI and patient data governance. |
| Key words: brain-on-a-chip interface(BoCI) brain organoids microelectrode array artificial intelligence(AI) virtual organoids digital twin ethical governance |
